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Partnership of Specialist Nurse and Specialist Pharmacist roles improves quality of care of IBD patients
European Statement
Clinical Pharmacy Services
Author(s)
Fernando Fuertes
Why was it done?
Monitoring of patients on immunomodulators increases the workload of consultants in gastroenterology outpatient clinics. Pharmacist-led monitoring clinics reduces the number of patients who had to discontinue treatment due to myelosuppression, optimises dosage by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), and increases adherence to blood monitoring.
What was done?
A creation of a outpatient pharmacist-led Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) clinic to monitor and optimised immunomodulators and biologic therapy. The role of the specialist pharmacist has added value and clinical oversight to the care of IBD patients as treatment with biologic therapy has become more prevalent. In addition, the pharmacist routinely participate in IBD multidisciplinary team meetings to help with decision-making and treatment optimisation.
How was it done?
The Department of Gastroenterology at Barnsley Hospital, developed the twin roles of a Specialist Gastroenterology Pharmacist and an IBD Specialist Nurse/Non-medical endoscopist in 2012 to augment IBD care. Both roles require accreditation for independent prescribing. The pharmacist has responsibility for therapeutic drug monitoring, the prescription of biologic treatment following induction and immunosuppressants, participate at MDT, patient support and patient education. The nurse oversees the clinical and endoscopic surveillance of patients including the running of the IBD telephone helpline service
What has been achieved?
Robust clinical, biochemical and endoscopic surveillance is crucial for the delivery of effective treatments and quality of care in IBD. Telemedicine and virtual clinics have become part of our mainstream clinical practice to allow our IBD patients rapid access to healthcare services, pathway-driven treatment decision-making processes and endoscopy. IBD specialist Nurse and pharmacist clinics allow efficient management of the Gastroenterology workload and show extremely high levels of patient acceptability and satisfaction.
What next?
IBD is a life-long condition associated with considerable ongoing morbidity. Patient’s social and psychological wellbeing can be affected if the disease is poorly controlled. It is proven the specialist role of the pharmacist adds value to the gastroenterology teams and improves patient’s care. However, there is a need to standardise the specialist IBD pharmacist like in others specialities such as haemato-oncologist pharmacist or anticoagulation pharmacist. A Continuous Professional Development (CPD) course has been launched in partnership with the School of Pharmacy at the University of Bradford (United Kingdom) to initiate this goal. Further recognition and awareness of the role is required with our profession to achieve the goal and improve patients’ quality of care.
EXPERIENCE IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION OF IMIQUIMOD SUPPOSITORIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANAL CONDYLOMATOSIS: A CASE STUDY (submitted in 2019)
European Statement
Production and Compounding
Author(s)
MARIA MUROS ORTEGA, INMACULADA SANCHEZ MARTINEZ, ARANTXA ANDUJAR MATEOS, ISABEL ALARCON FUENTES, FRANSCISCO VALIENTE BORREGO, ANGELA SANCHEZ , ASUNCION SARABIA, ANTONIA RODRIGUEZ, NURIA LUCAS VILLA
Why was it done?
Condylomata acuminata or genital warts are produced by human papillomavirus (HPV). They are considered one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases that must be treated on an individual basis. Imiquimod increases the local immune response mediated by interferon and other cytokines; it is marketed as a 5% cream for topical administration 3 times a week, for a maximum of 16 weeks.
What was done?
The aim of the study is to describe the formulation and results obtained after treatment with imiquimod suppositories manufactured by the Pharmacy Hospital Service.
How was it done?
Suppositories of imiquimod 6.25mg were prepared from Aldara® 5% cream sachets; stearic mass was used as excipient to convey the active principle adding about 2.2g/suppository and molds of 2g for its preparation. The bain-marie was used for fusion and mixing the components. A sterile gauze was included to facilitate extraction if there was anal irritation. The established shelf life was 6 months between 2−8ºC. Suppositories were dispensed individually wrapped in aluminium foil and protected from light added a diptych of information to the patient.
What has been achieved?
The case of a 33-year-old male, VHP 6 positive, with anal condylomatosis and high-grade epithelial dysplasia, most of which had been resected and burned previously without satisfactory results. Imiquimod was added as an adjuvant treatment in suppositories for administration three days a week at night. Twelve suppositories were dispensed each month, and the duration of treatment was 2 months. During treatment the patient reported good tolerance, no itching, no pain in the area of administration. One month after finishing the treatment, no new macroscopic lesions were observed, nor recurrence of previous ones in anoscopic examination.
What next?
The contribution of the Pharmacy Service through the development of imiquimod suppositories has facilitated the achievement of early health results in a complex treatment pathology, allowing rectal administration through suppositories made from a specialty marketed in envelopes for topical use and reducing the duration of treatment to 8 weeks, with very good tolerance on the part of the patient.
References:
1. Bastida C et al. Formulation of imiquimod suppositories for the treatment of intra-anal neoplasms by human papillomavirus. 57th SEFH Congress.
2. PNT elaboration of the Reina Sofía General University Hospital.
3. Lacey C et al. 2012 European guideline for the management of anogenital warts. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013 Mar;27(3):e263-70.
4. AEPCC-Guide: Condylomata acuminata. AEPCC Publications, November 2015.