Across Europe, fewer than one in three hospital pharmacies use automation. Even where robots or automated storage systems are installed, these technologies rarely “talk” to each other.
As a result, pharmacists often rely on manual workarounds, costly custom interfaces, and fragile point-to-point integrations that slow down projects, increase implementation risks, and prevent automation from delivering its full potential for medication safety and operational efficiency.
To address this challenge — and inspired by the success of the DICOM standard in radiology — EAHP established the first multi-vendor Special Interest Group (SIG) dedicated to interoperability in hospital pharmacy automation. This pan-European initiative brings together hospital pharmacists and leading automation vendors around a shared objective:
→ to jointly develop a vendor-neutral interoperability framework, based on real pharmacy workflows and implemented using HL7 FHIR standards, enabling seamless communication between automation systems from different suppliers.
Such a framework simplifies system integration, reduces costs, and accelerates the deployment of safe, scalable, and sustainable automation across European hospital pharmacies.
In short, the SIG aims to create a common language for pharmacy automation — just as DICOM transformed interoperability in radiology.
How the SIG Works
Medication management is inherently complex. Workflows vary significantly — not only between European countries, but even between hospitals within the same healthcare system.
Attempting to standardise every process at once would be unrealistic.
The SIG therefore adopted a pragmatic, step-by-step methodology grounded in real hospital pharmacy practice.
Phase 1: Defining the Blueprint and Building the Foundations
The first phase of the SIG (SIG 1.0) was led by hospital pharmacists to ensure that interoperability development started from clinical reality rather than technology constraints.
Key activities included:
- Collecting use cases:
More than 30 use cases were submitted by hospital pharmacists and technology partners. - Consolidation and prioritisation:
The group refined these contributions into a limited number of foundational workflows common to most European hospital pharmacies. - Development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs):
Pharmacists translated these workflows into standardised, vendor-neutral SOPs describing how interoperable automation should function independently of any specific vendor system.
These SOPs became the functional blueprint for interoperability.

Phase 2: Translating Practice into Interoperability Standards
Building on the validated SOPs, the SIG moved to the technical implementation phase.
Technology partners and interoperability experts translated operational workflows into structured technical specifications by:
- defining communication messages, minimum datasets, and interaction rules;
- aligning development with established international standards, including HL7 FHIR, IHE, GS1, and ISO IDMP;
- creating a harmonised interoperability framework supporting cross-vendor automation.
This work resulted in the development of the EAHP FHIR Implementation Guide, providing the first interoperable building block for hospital pharmacy automation.
From Real Workflows to a European Standard
The SIG methodology follows a clear logic:
Phase 1 answered:
“What does an ideal interoperable workflow look like in real hospital pharmacy practice?”
Phase 2 answered:
“Which data structures and communication messages allow different systems to execute this workflow reliably, regardless of vendor?

The validated specifications — including SOPs, functional requirements, and FHIR technical documentation — are now published as open resources accessible to hospital pharmacists, IT teams, and industry partners.
The Objective
The long-term goal is to enable a common interoperability framework that can be:
- adopted by vendors,
- implemented by hospitals,
- and referenced in procurement processes across Europe.
By moving from isolated integrations toward reusable standards, the SIG aims to make plug-and-play pharmacy automation a practical reality.
Key Milestones
Transparency is central to the SIG. Our progress is widely shared at EAHP events. See below for the indicative roadmap.
Background
The EAHP Special Interest Group (SIG) on Interoperability in Hospital Pharmacy Automation was established in January 2025 to address a key strategic priority for hospital pharmacy digitalisation: enabling pharmacy automation systems to communicate seamlessly across platforms and technology vendors.
Automation adoption across European hospital pharmacies continues to grow rapidly. However, implementations often rely on customised interfaces connecting electronic health records, pharmacy information systems, and robotic technologies. This fragmentation increases implementation complexity and cost, limits scalability, and restricts the full potential of automation to improve medication safety and operational efficiency.
The SIG brings together hospital pharmacists, interoperability experts, and technology providers in a neutral multi-stakeholder collaboration aimed at developing a vendor-independent communication framework supporting patient safety, efficiency, and sustainable healthcare delivery.
The initiative is supported by ten industry partners:
Alphatron, BD, Omnicell, Sinteco, JVM Europe, Deenova, GPI Group, Swisslog Healthcare, Stockart, and Kiro Grifols.
Scope and Methodology
The SIG focuses on establishing common interoperability standards allowing pharmacy automation systems to operate within an integrated medication management ecosystem.
A core methodological principle guiding the work is the “SOP-first, then FHIR” approach:
- Clinical workflows and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are defined based on real hospital pharmacy practice.
- These workflows are subsequently translated into technical specifications using HL7 FHIR interoperability standards.
Initial work concentrated on non-patient-specific medication workflows, demonstrating that many automation processes share common operational logic suitable for standardisation across healthcare systems.
SIG 1.0 – From Concept to Live Demonstration
During its first phase (SIG 1.0), the group successfully moved from conceptual design to real-world validation.
Key achievements include:
- Participation of 14 hospital pharmacists from 12 European countries collaborating with 10 Industry Partners.
- Development of shared operational workflows and functional interoperability specifications.
- Creation of three Standard Operating Procedures forming the foundation of the FHIR Implementation Guide (IG).
- Establishment of the first interoperable building block for hospital pharmacy automation: automated stock refilling across robotic systems.
At the 30th EAHP Congress in Barcelona, a live interoperability demonstration connected:
- 10 technology vendors
- 14 automation devices
- 56 interoperable system combinations
Without custom interfaces, proving that standardised cross-vendor communication is achievable in real clinical environments.

The EAHP Common Protocol
Building on SIG 1.0 outcomes, the initiative has progressed toward the development of the EAHP Common Protocol.
The protocol translates pharmacy practice requirements into scalable technical standards defining minimum datasets and communication structures required for interoperable automation systems
Its objective is to replace bespoke integrations with reusable interoperability standards, enabling faster, safer, and more sustainable deployment of pharmacy automation across European hospitals.
FHIR Implementation Guide
A major milestone of SIG 1.0 is the development of the EAHP FHIR Implementation Guide, which provides the technical foundation for interoperable pharmacy automation.
The Implementation Guide:
- translates validated pharmacy workflows into HL7 FHIR specifications;
- enables vendors to implement interoperable solutions using a shared framework;
- supports hospitals in procuring automation systems that are plug-and-play interoperable.
The FHIR Implementation Guide is now published (here) through the official EAHP technical repository and represents the first interoperable standard specifically designed for hospital pharmacy automation.
This page gathers all publicly available materials produced by the SIG. Additional resources are added as they are produced.
Key Outcomes from SIG 1.0
Start simple — standardise what is common
The SIG began with non-patient-specific replenishment workflows, selected because they are widely implemented across European hospitals, operationally well understood, and suitable for early interoperability standardisation.
A universal communication pattern
Across all validated use cases, a common interaction model emerged:
A storage system and a dispensing system communicate through a structured request–response exchange:

This operational logic proved consistent regardless of vendor, automation technology, or hospital environment.
Building blocks for scalable interoperability
This simplified “dispense order” interaction became the first interoperable building block for hospital pharmacy automation.
It establishes reusable roles, profiles, and communication principles that can be expanded to more advanced workflows in future SIG phases.
Available Deliverables
The following SIG 1.0 resources are now available:
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
- SOP 1.1 – Automated Replenishment of an Automated Dispensing Cabinet (ADC) from a Whole Pack Robot (WPR)
- SOP 1.2 – Automated Replenishment of a Unit Dose Robot (UDR) from a Whole Pack Robot (WPR)
- SOP 2.1 – Two-Step Replenishment Workflow: WPR → UDR → ADC
EAHP FHIR Implementation Guide
The technical translation of validated pharmacy workflows into HL7 FHIR interoperability specifications, enabling vendors and hospitals to implement interoperable automation solutions.
SIG White Paper
Overview of methodology, governance model, and strategic vision for European hospital pharmacy interoperability.
📂 Access resources via the EAHP technical repository or request information through the EAHP Secretariat.
Educational Materials
EAHP BOOST 2025 Lecture
“One Language for All Pharmacy Robots – How Interoperability Can Help Tackle Medicine Shortages.”
The session presents:
- the interoperability challenge in hospital pharmacy,
- the SIG methodology,
- lessons learned from SIG 1.0,
- and the roadmap toward a European interoperability framework.
📥 Presentation materials available through EAHP educational resources.
Get Involved
The interoperability programme continues as a collaborative European initiative.
📄 Explore the SIG Deliverable
Understand the operational workflows and interoperability framework.
🤝 Click here to register Interest for Future SIG Phases – SIG 2.0 on Interoperability
Help shape the next stages of hospital pharmacy interoperability.
📩 Contact EAHP
Learn how your hospital, organisation, or company can participate in upcoming developments.
Led by Experienced Co-Chairs
The SIG is co-chaired by:
![]() | Francine de Stoppelaar: Hospital pharmacist with 20+ years of experience, who led the UK’s first fully automated closed-loop medicines management model at Cleveland Clinic London. |
![]() | Patrick Koch: international consultant in digital transformation of hospitals, radiology, and pharmacy automation, and founder of Peka Consulting. |
Together, they bring both the clinical perspective and the interoperability expertise to drive this initiative forward.
Hospital Pharmacists
14 pharmacists from 12 European countries form the core of the SIG. They bring hands-on experience of managing daily operations and automation projects, ensuring the protocol reflects real-world needs.
Participants include:
| Alen Friščić | Zabok General Hospital | Croatia | |
![]() | Seif El Hadidi | National Office of Clinical Audits | Ireland |
| Mária Fuchsová | Nemocnica Bory Hospital | Slovakia | |
| Piera Polidori | Cervello Hospital – EAHP Board member | Italy | |
![]() | Thomas Backström | Østfold Hospital | Norway |
| Ex-Chania General Hospital – IHE Europe representative | Greece | |
| Amaury Griffon du Bellay | CHU Orléans | France | |
| Sandrine Wustefeld | CHU Brugmann | Belgium | |
![]() | Eduardo Tejedor | Hospital General de Segovia | Spain |
![]() | Jaakko Mustakallio | Oulu University Hospital | Finland |
| Viktor Fasth | ApoEx | Sweden | |
| Julie Jalleau | University Hospital | France | |
![]() | Andrea Liekweg and Tobias Leinweber | Cologne University Hospital | Germany |
| Melissa Boisgontier | Synpref | France |
Leading Automation Industrial Partners
10 of Europe’s leading pharmacy automation vendors, representing over 80% of the market, are working side by side under EAHP’s umbrella. Competitors have joined forces to solve a shared problem for the benefit of patients and healthcare systems.
Participating vendors:
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