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Use of a closed-system drug transfer device in the handling and administration of ganciclovir outside the hospital pharmacy unit
European Statement
Production and Compounding
Author(s)
Lucia Ricchi, Gregorio Medici, Porretta Serapiglia Carla, Marzia Bacchelli, Marianna Rivasi
Why was it done?
Hazardous drugs (HDs) may include antineoplastic or cytotoxic agents, biologic agents, antiviral agents, immunosuppressive agents, and drugs from other classes. Healthcare workers, especially nurses and pharmacy personnel, experience occupational exposure to these HDs.
Preparation and administration of ganciclovir should only be performed by health professionals who have been appropriately educated and trained and deemed competent in its use. Until now the preparation of ganciclovir was performed by the pharmacy’s antiblastic drugs unit. However, during closing times, kits for the self-preparation (antiblastic gloves and gowns, FFP3 masks, eye protections and brief instructions for reconstitution) were provided.
Many strategies have been deployed to reduce the risk of occupational exposure to HDs, including control devices designed to act as closed systems and preventing exposure through liquid or vapor leakage. These devices mechanically prohibit the escape of HDs from the system and can be used for preparing and administering these drugs.
What was done?
Some of the intensive care units of our hospital have been enabled to prepare their own ganciclovir bags by using a closed system drug transfer device (CSTDs).
How was it done?
Each nurse involved was instructed by hospital pharmacists on how to handle CSTDs. In addition to this they were also given a short video and an infographic showing the main operations to be carried out.
Ganciclovir bags are prepared using the Tevadaptor® (Simplivia), in a needleless technique, by combination of the Vial adaptor, the Syringe adaptor, the Spike port adaptor and a connector closed male (Spiros, ICU).
What has been achieved?
Use of CSTDs is a simple and effective way to reduce exposure to HDs, provide better protection, better aseptic technique and better containment of waste than the traditional method, as well as allows the preparation of HDs to be carried out outside the antineoplastic drug unit.
What next?
In the future their use could also be extended to the preparation of monoclonal antibodies and antibiotics considering that there is not enough definitive research on the effects of occupational exposure to these agents. And, to date, there is no known safe maximum level of exposure to these drugs.