EAHP represents over 29,000 hospital pharmacists across 36 member countries. EAHP represents and develops the hospital pharmacy profession within Europe in order to ensure the continuous improvement of care and outcomes for patients in the hospital setting. This is achieved through science, research, education, practice, as well as sharing best-practice and responsibility with other healthcare professionals.
The EAHP Board, elected for three-year terms, oversees the association’s activities. Comprising directors responsible for core functions, it meets regularly to implement strategic goals. Supported by EAHP staff, the Board controls finances, coordinates congress organization, and ensures compliance with statutes and codes of conduct.
The EAHP staff supports the Board in executing EAHP’s mission. The Staff assists in financial management, events organisations, policy activities and all EAHP projects. The EAHP staff works closely with EAHP’s members and ensures the effective communication all relevant stakeholders.
The first member countries were Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, the Federal Republic of Germany and The Netherlands in 1972. EAHP has now 36 EAHP members and 2 Associate Members. EAHP is open to countries members of the Council of Europe and since 2022 to organisations representing the interests of hospital pharmacists from outside the Council of Europe (Associate Membership)
EAHP’s structure is also composed by different standing committes: EAHP Scientific Committee, EAHP Education Executive Committee and the EAHP CTF Steering Committee.
At EAHP, we are committed to transparency in our governance, ethical standards, and funding practices. This section provides open access to our foundational documents, including the EAHP Statutes, Code of Conduct, and Funding Sources. By sharing these resources, we aim to uphold accountability and foster trust with our members, partners, and the public.
Keep up with all EAHP’s events and webinars. Contact the team at info@eahp.eu should you have any questions about upcoming events or activities.
Here you can find all upcoming events organised by EAHP and by all its members and associate members. Do not hesitate to contact the events team at events@eahp.eu should you have any questions about the organisation of these events.
Hospital pharmacists conduct a critical role in the care of patients in hospitals. Learn more about what they do here and in all the pages under Hospital Pharmacy practice and Policy.
Self-Assessment
SILCC
Closed SIGs
EAHP brings together experts from many areas of hospital pharmacy practice providing and highlighting good local sustainable practices as that can be up-scaled and shared with other countries. The EAHP Working Group on Sustainability has the aim of reducing the environmental burden of the hospital pharmacy services.
The European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP), and its 36 member country platforms are creating a Common Training Framework for the hospital pharmacy education in Europe. The goal of this project is to allow the free movement of hospital pharmacists within the European Union.
The European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) and the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP) have collaboratively developed the Oath to Society. The Oath to Society is all encompassing and acts as a contract for excellence in providing compassionate patient care, working as part of the healthcare team and advancing the pharmacy profession, and showcasing how clinical and hospital pharmacists work every day
A day created to highlight the importance and to celebrate the work done by hospital pharmacies. This day celebrates all hospital pharmacy teams.
Catch up with EAHP’s press releases
Find all EAHP relevant publication like the EAHP Surveys, annual reports and the history books.
The European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (EJHP) is the only official journal of the European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) and is committed to advancing the science, practice and profession of hospital pharmacy. As the premier communication platform for hospital pharmacists worldwide, EJHP is a major source for continuing education as well as updates on advances in the practice and standard of pharmaceutical care for patients.
When EAHP and Hospital pharmacists appear in the news.
EAHP publishes a monthly EU monitor with updates about the latest EAHP initiatives and information relevant for the hospital pharmacy profession.
Sponsor Channel
The Sponsor Channel is designed to maximise visibility and engagement, allowing sponsors to connect with the hospital pharmacy community and partners in a dynamic and interactive environment. From product demonstrations to networking sessions, the Sponsor Channel offers a range of opportunities for sponsors to showcase their offerings and generate leads in the new EAHP Website.
Production and Compounding
Boglárka Lengyel
Nadine Haubenwalllner
Ingrid Sattlecker
The global shortage of nursing staff increases the risk for medication errors due to higher workload and stress. The intravenous (I.V.)-service, launched in March 2020, alleviates nurses’ workload and minimizes application errors by standardizing concentrations and providing pharmaceutical training. Producing all infusions with producing pumps in the hospital pharmacy’s clean rooms improves microbiological quality and dosing accuracy. Standardized concentrations with defined stability and proper documentation practices ensure consistent quality.
We implemented the production of patient-specific I.V.-infusions and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for neonatal intensive care units (NICU) to meet the specialized needs of neonates and enhance individualized care. Additionally, pharmacy staff assembles patient infusion sets daily, focusing on Y-Site compatibility and catheter types tailored to each patient.
After discussing demand with physicians and nurses, data on NICU medications and dosages were systematically collected. Standard infusion concentrations were harmonized, considering fluid intake and physical-chemical stability. Protocols for automated compounding of continuous infusions and TPN were established, alongside standard operating procedures for additional volumetric preparation. I.V. compatibility of the drugs was researched, and compatibility tables were created.
The project successfully implemented individualized compounding of infusions and TPN with established standards in the hospital pharmacy’s clean rooms. Complete traceability and continuous monitoring during production ensure high product quality. The initiative enhanced interprofessional collaboration, strengthening confidence among physicians, nurses, and pharmacists and significantly reduced nurses’ workload for preparing medications, TPN, and assembling patient sets. The service currently supports five wards, producing an average of 98 infusions and TPN daily. The assembly of patient sets is provided for 44 care beds across NICU and Intermediate Care (IMC) wards, averaging 25 sets daily.
The service aims to maximize automated production by implementing new compounding pump plans, increasing output to supply more wards. Plans also include expanding the service to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), where both intermittent infusions and patient set assembly will be offered in addition to the existing continuous infusion supply.
Clinical Pharmacy Services
M.S. Nielsen, The Pharmacy of the capital region of Denmark, Clinical Pharmacy Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
S.L. Otnes; The Pharmacy of the capital region of Denmark, Clinical Pharmacy Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
M.H. Clemmensen, The Pharmacy of the capital region of Denmark, Clinical Pharmacy Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
L.R. Duckert, The Pharmacy of the capital region of Denmark, non-sterile production, Herlev, Denmark
T. Schnor, The Pharmacy of the capital region of Denmark, production, Herlev, Denmark
Paediatric medicine has limited availability of on-label, age-appropriate formulations. Drug-related challenges encompass variability in dosing, use of tube administration, and the necessity for child-friendly approaches, including formulation issues as well as taste and acceptability of medications.
A clinical assessment of the applicability of 3D-printed medicines from a paediatric perspective, with the limitations of the chosen technique.
The aim of this project was to identify specific areas where 3D-printed medicines provide viable solutions to the complexities surrounding paediatric drug-related challenges.
To minimize the need for individual medicine manipulation, we identified key challenges by reviewing the manufacturer’s API list and comparing it with nationally available compounded products. This analysis offered historical insight on the shortcomings of commercial products in addressing patient needs. Additionally, consultations were held with nurses and doctors in selected paediatric wards for further input.
Three key areas were identified where 3D-printed medicines could benefit paediatric wards:
Dosage: 3D-printed medicines enable patient-specific doses or customizable low doses, assisting dose tapering and minimizing dosing errors. However, for APIs with a wide therapeutic index, the dose should be aligned with commercially available products. Patients or APIs that frequently require dose adjustments are better suited to a mixture formulation.
Logistics: Individual packaging and room temperature storage offer advantages for travel and storage compared to liquid mixtures, which often require cold storage and are produced in larger, less flexible containers. Additionally, existing options like mixtures increases the risk of losing the entire dose supply at once.
Patient related inappropriate drug form: The 3D-printed tablets can be chewed or partially dissolved, facilitating administration for patients with swallowing difficulties. Additionally, it allows for customizable flavors, offering more flexibility than commercial products.
However, the technique does not yet address the need for medication administration via tubes, as it requires heating of the tablets, which can be hazardous when handled by untrained parents. Highlighting that 3D-printing should complement, rather than replace, existing options.
A prioritized and condensed list of APIs will be conducted based on the identified key areas and assessed by pharmacists, doctors, and nurses.
Appropriate wards will be selected for the pilot implementation of 3D-printed medicines.
Production and Compounding
Saldaña Soria Raquel, Florit Sánchez María, Yunquera Romero Lucía, Fernández Martín Jesús, Gallego Fernández Carmen, Tortajada Goitia Begoña
The aim of this protocol is to evaluate and quantify the cost saving of the optimisation of the use of emicizumab vials through repackaging into syringe under aseptic conditions.
Emicizumab is indicated for routine prophylaxis of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A. This drug has a significant economic impact, so it has been decided to initiate a protocol for the use of emicizumab in which it has been established to group patients and dispense pre-filled syringes of repackaged emicizumab for each patient, dividing the vials according to the patient’s dose in the syringes as a savings strategy.
Two male patients, aged 4 and 5 years, with hemophilia A, have been treated with emicizumab in our hospital from February 2022 to September 2024. A protocol was implemented consisting of dispensing repackaged pre-filled syringes of emicizumab (expiry date 7 days according to the Good Practice Guide for the preparation of medicines) to each patient, grouping the patients receiving treatment with emicizumab on the same day for dispensing and dividing the vial into syringes to adjust it to the recommended dose according to the Technical Data Sheet in a laminar flow cabinet.
This treatment would have cost 337.125,95€ from February 2022 to September 2024. However, since patients (grouped on the same day of the week) were dispensed repackaged emicizumab pre-filled syringes and emicizumab repackaging was performed under aseptic conditions, the total cost has been 168.562,98€. Therefore the cost savings would be 168.562,98€ (63.211,12 €/year).
In conclusion, this new way of working can allow us to save 63.211,12€ (43 vials of 30 mg) every year. For this reason, the repackaging could represent a significant economic saving in patients with hemophilia A, while contributing to maintaining the sustainability of the national health system.
We hope to include all patients from our hospital in the emicizumab optimization protocol to continue contributing to the sustainability of the national health system.
Production and Compounding
BELEN SANCHEZ PASCUAL, IRENE SALVADOR LLANA, ANA MARIA MARTIN DE ROSALES CABRERA, MONTSERRAT PEREZ ENCINAS
Romiplostim should be administered once weekly as a subcutaneous injection. The initial dose is 1µg/kg. According to platelet response (PR) the dose should be increased until the patient achieves platelet count over 50,000 platelets/µL(maximum dose=10µg/kg). In order to maintain durable PR, weekly doses of romiplostim are prescribed and adjusted every 4-6weeks. Although patients could be trained for the injection preparation, many had reported difficulties to understand instructions and calculations of concentrations/volume. Romiplostim vials have a significant overdose to ensure the extraction of the declared amount. The actual content of the 250µg vial was found to be 360 µg (110µg excess). The 500µg vial contents 600µg. In addition, patients should discard the unused part. The aim is to centralise the preparation/distribution of individualised weekly doses of romiplostim for each patient in RtA syringes that allows them to receive the correct dose and to maximise the use of vials.
We develop a procedure for the preparation and distribution of individualised weekly doses of romiplostim prepared in the sterile preparation area in prefilled syringes Ready to Administer (RtA) by the patient.
The Pharmacy service (PS) prepares the individualised doses in syringes RtA in a laminar-flow cabinet. The waste of the vial is kept to be reused.
The main obstacle is the increase in the volume of daily preparations in the PS due to dose individualisation. This obstacle is overcome with fluid communication with the Haematology service that reports prescriptions with a duration of up to 21 days (if the patient´s control is adequate).
From the past 3 years (2019-2021), we prepared individualised syringes for 36 patients. The centralised preparation reduces unused romiplostin waste allowing a cost saving of near 50% of drug spending. Specifically, in this 3-year period, €385,759.00 were saved.
Preparation of RtA syringes of romiplostim under sterile conditions in a laminar-flow cabinet helps patient’s auto-administration (since is an easier dispositive) and allows for greater use and significant economic savings. It is a process that can be easily extrapolated to any PS. Next step would be to carry out stability studies in order to be able to work further in advance and allow to space out hospital visits of well-controlled patients.
Production and Compounding
VIRGINIA PUEBLA GARCIA, MARIA MOLINERO MUÑOZ, ANA ANDREA GARCIA SACRISTAN, JAVIER CORAZON VILLANUEVA, LIDIA YBAÑEZ GARCIA, NATALIA SANCHEZ-OCAÑA MARTIN, PALOMA PASTOR VARA, MARIA FERNANDEZ-VAZQUEZ CRESPO, JOSE MANUEL MARTINEZ SESMERO
Calciphylaxis is a vascular disorder characterised by the accumulation of calcium in the small blood vessels of the skin and adipose tissue. There is an imbalance in calcium metabolism which causes calcium to be deposited in the arterioles favouring thrombosis in the residual lumen of these vessels. It presents with severe painful skin lesions which progress to ulcers. It mostly affects patients on renal replacement therapy.
To describe the making process of a 25% sodium thiosulphate ointment (ST25%) requested by the Nephrology Department as an off-label use for the topical treatment of calciphylaxis in a patient who was unable to use intravenous sodium thiosulphate (ST) due to haemodynamic instability.
We initially performed an online literature search of databases related to raw materials and excipients, experience of use with formulas prepared by other hospitals as well as articles related to calciphylaxis.
For the production and quality control, the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for ointments described in the National Formulary was followed. To establish the risk level of the preparation and the expiry date, a risk matrix was used according to the Guide to Good Pharmacy Preparation Practice (GBPP).
It was decided to make a ST25% ointment. Composition for 100 g: ST 25 g (active ingredient), glycerine 10 g (humectant, cosolvent), pure lanolin 32.5 g and white filmy petrolatum 32.5 g (vehicles).
Production: the ST crystals were pulverised in a mortar. Glycerine was gradually added on top of the ST until a uniform whitish paste free of crystals was formed. At the same time, lanolin and filmy petrolatum was mixed in the final container with the help of an emulsifier. Finally, the paste formed with ST and glycerine was added to the lanolin-Vaseline mixture and stirred in the emulsifier until a homogeneous ointment was obtained.
A yellowish ointment with a homogeneous appearance, oily texture and no crystals was obtained.
Expiry date: 30 days after opening. Low-risk preparation.
Calciphylaxis could be treated after intolerance to intravenous sodium thiosulphate by developing an ointment. The pharmacist through magistral formulation can provide pharmaceutical alternatives in situations where the use of commercially available medicines is not possible.
Production and Compounding
Mateja Ljubičić, Mirela Sadiković Tvorić, Mirela Ganza, Mirna Alebić
Minimising quality and safety differences between commercially available medicines and compounded pharmacy preparations depends on the pharmacists’ professional education and skills. The purpose of this initiative is to specify the most common pharmacists’ adjustments of the commercially available medicines and to determine the level of quality assurance and safety measures which should be applied to the hospital pharmacy throughout planning the procurement of installations and equipment.
Our existing computer system does not have the ability to provide information on the compounded pharmacy preparations made in the hospital pharmacy from raw material or commercially available medicines. We have introduced a database for keeping up-to-date records of pharmacy preparations compounded by pharmacists for special needs of paediatric population in the University Hospital Centre Zagreb in a period of 6 months.
The following information on pharmacy preparations were added to the new database: dosage form, dosage strength, shelf life and serial number of the commercial drug or raw material that was used; patient data: name and hospital department unit; and identification of the pharmacist. Data was structured as presented in Table 1. and Table 2.
Pharmacists’ adjustments Total Number
dosage strength Oral divided powders (DPs) 628
dosage form Extemporaneous oral liquids 473
In total 1101
Preparations with HD Aseptic processing Containment Complexity of process
0.05% Cyclosporine eye drops + + 2
1% 5-FU eye drops + + 2
1% Voriconazole ear drops – + 1
Vemurafenib DPs – + 1
Imatinib DPs – + 1
Capecitabine DPs – + 1
Hydroxycarbamide oral suspension – + 1
Tretinoin oral solution – + 1
Keeping up-to-date records improved the traceability inpatient care and reduced the incidence of adverse events. Specific requirements for procurement of equipment for aseptic processing and containment of Hazardous Drug (HD) were successfully recognised.
Harmonisation of standards of pharmacy preparations throughout the country could be enabled by creating a national portfolio of preparations from all hospital pharmacies. This initiative of creating an overview of the pharmacy preparation practice should be considered in other hospitals to guide the pharmacy departments in the developing quality assurance programme.
Patient Safety and Quality Assurance
JOSE MANUEL DEL RIO GUTIERREZ, EUGENIA SERRAMONTMANY MORANTE, SARA GIMENEZ GINER, PILAR ROVIRA TORRES, PATRICIA GARCIA ORTEGA, CARLOTA VARON GALCERA, ISABEL CIDONCHA MUÑOZ, MARIA QUERALT GORGAS TORNER
One of the most important challenges we currently face is the increase of clinical trials (CTs) including CBMPs. These drugs require special storage, preparation, delivery and administration; so developing standard operating procedures (SOPs) and ensuring proper coordination between all professionals involved, including pharmacists, is essential.
Management of cell-based medicinal products (CBMPs) was protocolised in an onco-haematology clinical trials unit.
Pharmacists, doctors and nurses participate in a multidisciplinary team to standardise CBMPs handling. The following protocol was agreed:
1.The entire multidisciplinary team is notified when a CBMP prescription is planned to ensure proper coordination.
2.The CBMP is manufactured by the CT sponsor. Then, it is transferred to the blood bank for cryopreservation. CBMPs usually require a temperature between -80ºC and -200ºC and expire in some weeks.
3.Before CBMP administration, patients undergo lymphodepletion. The lymphodepletion regimen is performed according to the CT protocol or arranged between medical and pharmacy teams. Chemotherapy, serum therapy and antiemetic regimen are discussed and specified.
4.Once the treatment is prescribed, it is verified by a pharmacist who ensures its suitability.
5.On the infusion day, the blood bank delivers the CBMP. Then, a pharmacist checks if it arrives in proper condition and it is defrosted. The pharmacy department reconditions the CBMP in another infusion bag or syringe if required. This is the most critical point because CBMP expires after some minutes of defrosting, requiring extensive coordination.
6.CBMP is administered according to the CT protocol.
72 patients were recruited in 15 CT. 8 of them use as CBMP Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells (CAR-T-CELLS), 4 Specific Peptide-Enhanced Affinity Receptor T-Cells (SPEAR-T-CELLS), 2 Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) and one cytokine-stimulated Natural-Killer-Cells (CS-NK-CELLS). Seven assays are intended for haematological neoplasms and eight for solid malignant neoplasms. One assay requires CBMP syringe reconditioning in the pharmacy department.
The described process optimises CBMPs handling, avoids delays in administration and reduces the risk of misuse.
CBMPs represent a novel therapy, and pharmacists have an essential role in developing new procedures to incorporate them into clinical practice. This protocol may be helpful for other centres to implement guidelines to work with CBMPs.
Production and Compounding
Rui Relvas, Rui Pedro Marques, Ana Castro, Sérgio Nobre, João Paulo Lopes da Cruz
Medicines compounding by the HPS-staff is a primordial activity, and its centralisation allows several benefits in levels such as patient safety, quality, efficiency, and pharmacoeconomics. Despite this recognised importance, it is not always possible to quantify its added value. The fact that vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are supplied in multi-dose vials and the need to prepare and assure enough doses to vaccinate a broad population presented itself as an excellent opportunity to analyse such indicators.
A quantitative analysis of the importance and added value of centralised preparation and compounding of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 at the Hospital Pharmaceutical Services’ (HPS) Compounding Unit from a Central Hospital in Portugal.
Between 27th December 2020 and 2nd August 2021, 13.030 doses were prepared (96.9% Pfizer/BioNTech; 3.1% AstraZeneca). At the first 3 vaccination sessions, multi-dose vials were diluted at the HPS, and each syringe measured by the nursing-staff previously to the administration.
After these initial sessions, each dose started to be individualised by the HPS-staff on pre-filled, ready-to-use syringes. Each vaccine dose was individualised on a horizontal laminar flow cabinet according to a previously approved operational procedure.
Reception, preparation, and dispensation records were retrospectively analysed. Key performance indicators were quantified.
During the first 3 sessions of vaccination, when nursing-staff measured each vaccine volume, a total of 1640 doses were administered. However, it would be possible to measure a total of 1932 doses (84,9%). The daily maximum of people vaccinated was 770.
In the following sessions was possible to prepare 11.390 doses, with a theoretical maximum of 10.892 (104,6%) and a daily maximum of 1.113.
This yield, over 100%, allowed an excess of 498 doses, which translated into the vaccination of 249 extra individuals fully vaccinated with the 2 doses. Factors like needle and syringe selection and preparation beyond an aseptic and validated environment contributed for the yield increase.
Series-production of compounded medicines in a sterile, validated, and controlled environment allows important benefits and this analysis shows the potentiation of every key performance indicator considered. These data should be considered for the future planning of population-wide activities involving the massive preparation of sterile medicines.
Production and Compounding
PILAR RANZ ORTEGA, MARÍA ARRIETA LOITEGUI, DANIEL GONZALEZ ANDRES, ANA MARÍA AGUI CALLEJAS, MARIA TERESA POZAS DEL RIO
– Optimize the workflow:Nursing staff are independent in final product quality control.Dissapear the manual register of compounding sterile preparations.Fewer mixtures are discarded.Also in Pharmacy Service only elaborate the sterile preparations with an economic and safety impact.
– Improve the safety of drug administration in pediatric patients: there are ready-to-use commercial parenteral presentations, which can lead to errors when dosing per kilo,fe: enoxaparin…
– Optimize economic savings:all excess vials are reused
Previously,some parenteral drugs were compounded at Pharmacy Service.The rest of the vials were discarded daily,so the pharmacist had to anticipated some elaborations not to throw,so then some were suspended.
Also, the pharmacists done the final product quality control,it could be delayed the dispensing and specially when it´s necessary to repeat the mixture.
The changes were:
– Re-selection of the parenteral drugs compounded at Pharmacy Service by:
• Economic criterio:the cost of drug has to be >20 euros/vial
• Safety for the pediatric patient:redose individually parenteral drugs “readytouse”
– Review the storage conditions:physicochemical (technical data sheet drug,Stabilis web) and microbiological stability (Good practices for preparation drugs in hospital pharmacy services publised by Spain Goverment) of all parenteral drugs previously selected.Although the physicochemical stability is higher,the final stability will be limited by the microbiological stability and the risk level microbial contamination(USP 2004).
– Standard Operating Procedures with structured and updated information
– Reuse of partially used multi dose vials:we reviewed the physicochemical and microbiological stability of open vial
– Final product quality control by nursing staff
– Save time to pharmacist:daily scheduling instead of anticipated elaboration of sterile preparations
– A nurse involved in the circuit change giving her feedback on the changes
– Traceability of the rests of the vials:stickers are affixed to the opened vials indicating the reconstitution data and the expiration date
– Final product quality control should be done by a diferente nurse to elaborated to detect potencial errors
The total cost savings for this year is 295.778€. After the circuit´s change, the savings have increased by 55% for liposomal amphotericin b, 51% defibrotide, 24% micafungin.
Compounding sterile preparations individualized in Pharmacy Service to patients hospitalized at home, transplanted of hematopoietic progenitors and immunocompromised
Production and Compounding
Swantje Eisend, Herwig Heindl, Karen Tiede, Sven Jirschitzka
Definition of an organisational structure for the best implementation of APOTECAchemo technology in the UKSH hospital pharmacy workflow
The implementation of robotic systems for aseptic compounding cytotoxic drugs requires a specific workflow organisation in the hospital pharmacy to ensure an optimal combination of manual and automated production as well as the effective use of the technology. Since 2017, the APOTECAchemo robot has been installed in the hospital pharmacy and one of the first objectives was to create an organisational structure that would allow successful integration of the system into the existing workflow of the cytostatic department.
The pharmacy has carried out an analysis to identify the active substances that can best be transferred into automated production based on 4 main points: • Pharmaceutical form of the active ingredients: liquid or powder; • Average of vials needed for the compounding of one preparation for each active ingredient; • Average of ml of medication required for the compounding of a preparation associated with each specific active ingredient; • Robot compounding speed. In addition, the pharmacy has also tried to identify the optimal organisation of personnel and daily workflow for the automated compounding. The effectiveness of these measures and the work organisation defined have been evaluated through an intensive compounding week in April 2018.
The analysis of the active substances and the data collected during the “Robotic Intensive Week” showed the following results: • 42% of the total production was operated by APOTECAchemo; • 87% of active ingredients was handled by APOTECAchemo; • average of 60 preparations per day (with an actual working time of 5 hours); – average of 12 preparations per hour.
The study shows that the planning and organisation of the workflow plays a central role in the implementation of a robot solution in a hospital pharmacy. Through the work carried out, the hospital pharmacy has successfully integrated automated and manual production.
