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On-line education for pharmacists about one pill killers

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European Statement

Education and Research

Author(s)

RAQUEL AGUILAR SALMERÓN, LÍDIA MARTÍNEZ SÁNCHEZ, ANNA MARIA JAMBRINA ALBIACH, NEUS RAMS PLA, MANEL RABANAL TORNERO, MARIA ÀNGELS GISPERT AMETLLER, MILAGROS GARCÍA PELÁEZ, NÚRIA PI SALA, SANTIAGO NOGUÉ XARAU

Why was it done?

HTDs in infants are defined as those that might cause severe or lethal poisoning in children. Some HTDs are considered “one pill killers”: those in which the ingestion of one unit, a single tablet or tablespoon, in an infant with a body weight of 10 kg, could be fatal. In Spain, there are 29 active ingredients (from seven therapeutic groups) considered “one pill killers”. Counseling and information are crucial activities developed by pharmacists that could help to avoid fatal intoxications.

What was done?

A virtual and interactive course for pharmacists was designed to improve knowledge about highly toxic drugs (HTDs) in infants and potentially fatal intoxications. The education platform integrates microlearning and gamification methodologies, and the course could be followed via web or smartphone.

How was it done?

A group of experts, including toxicologist paediatricians and clinical pharmacists, carried out a literature review and determined the toxic dose for HTDs. They also determined the number of units (considering the most concentrated presentation) needed to achieve the potentially fatal dose in a 10 kg infant. A virtual microlearning platform (Snackson®) was chosen, and specific training content was designed. It will be offered to community pharmacists by our Catalan Ministry of Health.

What has been achieved?

This project has enhanced the collaboration between the group of experts and the Catalan Ministry of Health. An agreement has been signed, and, in this frame, the educational activity has been offered (Autumn 2023) to 250 community pharmacists.
A list of HTDs has been published (DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2020.02.007).
A video was recorded, addressed to the general population to inform them about the existence of HTDs. This video is a divulgation tool with recommendations to prevent drug poisoning and is periodically broadcast in the waiting rooms of health centers.
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSHDRte7Nr8&t=14s).

What next?

The next objective will be to evaluate the impact of the training activity on community pharmacists and the usability of the virtual microlearning platform. Future plans also include the expansion of this education tool to other regions in Spain, and to explore the application of microlearning methodology to other areas of knowledge.

Development of a podcast for student learning and motivation (the MUG-Hub)

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European Statement

Education and Research

Author(s)

Sian Williams, Connor Thompson

Why was it done?

Podcasts are generally accepted as a valuable tool for enhancing student engagement with course material and motivating students in educational settings. They also offer an exciting opportunity for allowing students to make connections between what is taught on the course and it how applies in the ‘real-world’ through discussion with practicing professionals.

What was done?

The Medicines Use Group (MUG) at the University of Brighton have co-created a series of podcasts (called ‘The MUG-Hub’) to increase student pharmacists’ access to and understanding of current issues related to medicines use and to provide information, inspiration and motivation around future careers in pharmacy.

How was it done?

A small group of teaching staff (including the authors) were matched with a student partner through a digital learning initiative run by the university. Through the process of co-creation a list of topic ideas and format considerations was collated and the podcasts developed and disseminated to the wider student body (podcast titles include ‘My career in pharmacy: reflections of a specialist liver pharmacist’, ‘Working in general practice as a pharmacist’ and ‘Designing an MPharm course fit for future pharmacists’).

What has been achieved?

A series of 30-60 minute podcasts has been created and is disseminated to student pharmacists on a monthly basis through the digital learning environment. The introduction of podcasts to the course enhances students’ development in terms of self-led learning, communication and collaboration and essential digital skills.

What next?

We plan to take the work forward by engaging more students in the creation of future podcasts and compiling topic lists for future episodes and surveying student engagement with the podcast.

DELIVERY OF PHARMACY EDUCATION DURING THE COVID19 PANDEMIC, ONE HOSPITAL’S EXPERIENCE

European Statement

Education and Research

Author(s)

Dearbhla Murphy, Patricia Ging, Jennifer Brown

Why was it done?

The Pharmacy Department at our institution are responsible for the delivery of a number of in-house and University level education sessions to pharmacy, nursing and medical students. In 2020, sessions included: a prescribing workshop for final year undergraduate medical students; nursing induction lectures on parenteral drug therapy; leadership workshops, lectures and site visits for pharmacy students; clinical pharmacist education sessions; and weekly journal club for Pharmacy Department staff. During the COVID19 pandemic, Pharmacy delivered education sessions were challenged with addressing the hospital-wide recommendation that face to face meetings be avoided while maintaining essential training for healthcare staff.

What was done?

Pharmacist led education sessions, both at an in-house and University level, were adapted to virtual platforms during the COVID19 pandemic.

How was it done?

• A pharmacy team of key stakeholders were formed for each education session.
• Educational material was reviewed and revised for suitability for a virtual platform.
• Interactive learning components were explored on the various delivery platforms e.g. Brightspace®, Zoom® and Microsoft Teams®.
• For the pharmacy student virtual site visit, Pharmacy staff prepared short videos about their roles.
• Interactive tools from within and outside the delivery platforms were used e.g. breakout rooms, MCQs, ‘chat’ tools, live quizzes and Menti®.
• Feedback on individual education sessions was sought via email or use of online surveys

What has been achieved?

• All education sessions were successfully delivered virtually.
• Positive feedback was received for all sessions.
• Unexpected benefits gained from virtual delivery, include the availability of recordings which can be used to repeat the session for future students.
• Limitations learned include difficulty retrieving student feedback online.

What next?

The Pharmacy Department successfully adapted the delivery of education sessions, at University and hospital levels, during the COVID19 pandemic to ensure continued delivery of high level education, learning and engagement. The initiatives and learnings from this GPI are transferable to other hospital pharmacy departments.

USE OF TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRAINING OF PHARMACY STAFF

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European Statement

Education and Research

Author(s)

VIRGINIA SAAVEDRA QUIRÓS, BELÉN ESCUDERO VILAPLANA, ELVIRA SANTIAGO PRIETO, MARÍA BELLA CORREDERA GARRUDO, INÉS GUMIEL BAENA, MARÍA DOLORES GARCÍA CEREZUELA, AMELIA SÁNCHEZ GUERRERO

Why was it done?

It is important to provide continuous training to all professionals working in the healthcare system, especially when staff turnover is frequent, and when their job is directly related with drugs management, where a failure in the chain of drug utilization can have an impact on patient health.

What was done?

We developed a technology-training strategy of the Pharmacy Department to improve the training resources of the professionals working in it, through the support of information and communication technologies (ICTs), in order to achieve the highest quality in our actions.

How was it done?

The initiative was targeted at the nursing assistant staff of the Pharmacy Department, in the dispensation process to in-bed patients. The development period was between March and April 2017, focusing on activities related to the management, conservation, storage and dispensing of medicines.
This information-training material was developed as follows:
‐ By editing video-tutorials, which would be accessed after recognizing an associated QR code.
‐ Through the preparation of summary sheets in poster format that reflect in a schematic, concrete and visual way those key aspects in each of the processes.
After its implementation, a user satisfaction survey was conducted to evaluate the initiative.

What has been achieved?

Five training video-tutorials were made on different subjects: preparation of unit-dose dispensing carts, preparation of medication from automated dispensing systems (ADS) in Pharmacy, order reception, replenishment ADS in the wards and preparation of medication “on demand”. The average duration of the videos was 5 minutes 45 seconds.
In addition, 7 summary sheets were designed for the management of other types of activities: returns, expirations, special orders, priorities in normal situation – critical situation, management of medicines not included in pharmacotherapeutic guide, interhospital medication loans and calls procedure in the Unit-dose dispensing area.
Satisfaction surveys conducted by nursing assistants have positively valued the initiative.
The strategy developed allows the integration of ICTs in staff training, helping to manage the information of the Pharmacy Department, achieving a better optimization of available resources.

What next?

The degree of satisfaction of the users was good for what we consider important to promote this practice, making it extendible to the other areas and members of the Pharmacy Department.

NEW WEB 2.0. TECHNOLOGIES FOR ANTIDOTE CONSULTATIONS: ACTIVITY AND REACH OF AN APPLICATION FOR MOBILE DEVICES

European Statement

Education and Research

Author(s)

María Mar Alañón Pardo, Sacramento Corral Vinuesa, Raúl Pérez Serrano, Isabel Benet Giménez, Alfonso Ambrós Checa, Álvaro Díaz Castro, Miguel Ángel García Cabezas, Élida Vila Torres, Carmen Encinas Barrios, Marta Rodríguez Martínez

Why was it done?

Acute intoxications cause significant morbidity-mortality worldwide, and their rapid treatment is vital.
APP-Antídotos is the first free Spanish mobile application for toxicology research, designed to facilitate immediate access to relevant information on antidote applications in toxicological emergencies.

What was done?

The “Antídotos” application for mobile devices (APP) was developed by our Departments of Pharmacy, Emergencies, Intensive Medicine and Paediatrics to facilitate consultations by healthcare professionals on the pharmacological treatment of the most frequent acute intoxications in our setting.

How was it done?

The APP contains toxicological data from the “Antidote Guidelines” developed in our third-level university hospital, based on primary (drug information sheets, original scientific articles), secondary (Medline results, using “antidotes”, “poisoning”, “hospital pharmacy department” and “guideline” as search terms) and tertiary (toxicology databases) sources of information.
The Pharmacy Department was responsible for the graphic design, structural development and programming of the APP for mobile devices (smartphones, tablets) with Android or IOS9 operating systems, which could be downloaded free from Google Play or Apple Store.
APP-Antídotos is organized in 31 chapters on different types of intoxication and their definition, mechanism and symptoms, with recommendations on antidotes and references. It is structured in seven sections: “Information”, “Intoxication index”, “Antidote index” (37 antidotes), “Toxin index”(>240 toxins), “Notes”, “See Antidote Book in PDF” and “Telephone for Toxicological Emergencies”.

What has been achieved?

Between April and August 2016, users downloaded 2091 installations from Google Play (72.5%-Android) and Apple Store (27.5%-iOS9); 73.6% of devices were smartphones and 26.4% tablets.
The APP was downloaded from Android in Spain, 55.8%; Brazil, 5.7%; India, 5.5%; Columbia, 4.3%, Mexico, 4.0%; Ecuador, 2.7%; others, 22.0%. The distribution by language/country was: Spanish/Spain, 60.2%; Spanish/USA, 11.1%; English/USA, 7.9%; Portuguese/Brazil, 5.0%; English/UK, 4.7%; Spanish/Mexico, 1.2%; others, 9.9%. The geographic distribution of iOS9 installations was: Europe, 90.5%; Latin-America/Caribbean, 5.9%; USA/Canada, 1.4%; Africa/Middle-East/India, 0.4%, Asia/Pacific, 1.8%.
Mean user evaluations were 4.6 (Android) and 5.0 (iOS9) stars (maximum of 5 stars).
Fifty-four publications were found on social networks (48.2%-Facebook, 51.8%-Twitter), 444 shares, 1094 “I like” and 1045 video plays.

What next?

The APP will be regularly updated by the authors taking user suggestions into account, and it will be translated into English to extend its reach to other healthcare.

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